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Dr. Susie Nyman:
Hello and welcome to Dr. Susie Nyman’s Multisensory Walks. I’m Dr. Susie Nyman, your guide on this journey to explore the power of multisensory learning. In each episode, we’ll be taking a stroll through different environments, sharing practical strategies and insights to help you turn everyday outings into enriching educational experiences for children with diverse learning needs.
Whether you’re a parent or a teacher, join us as we discover how to make learning engaging, inclusive, and fun. Let’s embark on this adventure together.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Welcome to Dr. Susie’s Multisensory Walks. Today we’re at Wellesley Woods Chalk Farm Lake, and I’m here with Suzie from the Conservation Volunteers. Say hello, Suzie.
Suzie:
Hello, Suzie.
Suzie:
Lovely to see you again.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Nice to see you again.
Suzie:
What a beautiful day as well. This site is amazing. It’s Chalk Farm Lake, an old gravel pit that for 40 years the Garrison Angling Club has nurtured and loved along with Blackwater Valley Rangers, and it is absolutely stunning.
I’m so looking forward to this.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah, we’re going to walk around the lake and stop at the end to do the fir tree story. Oh, brilliant. Ladies and gentlemen, today I’m going to read from two books.
I’m going to read from Slow Down by Rachel Williams and also Into the Forest by Christiane Dorion. Excellent. So, I’m going to talk from this book here, Slow Down, which is what we all need to do.
Oh yeah. There we go. So, I’m going to talk about the tree’s leaves because this is what we’re seeing now in the autumn and the winter.
A tree’s leaves change color and fall. Autumn is here, welcomed by streets filled with orange, yellow, and red trees. At this time of year, the days get shorter and colder, and there is less sunshine.
Leaves change color and fall to the ground. Without long hours of sunlight, leaves stop producing chlorophyll, the chemical that keeps them green during the spring and summer and helps them make food from the sunshine. Instead, they start using food that’s been stored away for this time of year.
In doing so, their green color fades, revealing the bright yellow oranges and reds of autumn. So, take a walk in this park and watch these leaves turn. So, we’re going to walk around Chalk Farm Lake.
It’s now the winter, Suzie, isn’t it? It’s really cold today. So, I’m just going to read a little bit about silent winter.
When the cold winter arrives, there’s little sign of life in the forest. The ground is covered with a heavy blanket of snow. Lakes turn to ice, and a bitterly cold wind whips through the trees.
Few animals live here all year round, but those that do have thick layers of fur or feathers to keep them warm. We’re going to see the ducks today on the lake, aren’t we, Suzie? Hopefully.
A glimpse of white fur behind a tree might be a snowshoe hare or an ermine with a winter coat that blends in with the white snow. Sharp claws help some animals to climb trees to find shelter, while large paws and hooves help others to walk on the snow without sinking too deeply. The forest is still as many birds have flown to warmer places.
Let’s go in, Suzie, and see what we can find today. Superb, let’s do it. Great.
Into the forest, Suzie, then, off we go. Off we go.
Suzie:
Look at the sunshine through the trees, Suzie. Oh, absolutely beautiful.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
It was pouring with rain yesterday, so we’ve been very lucky.
Suzie:
Today it’s absolutely fresh and crisp. The air’s nice and clean. It’s a lovely winter’s day, isn’t it?
So, on cold days, you know what happens to our blood vessels? They constrict. They constrict and go inside, which is really important for our functioning bodies.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
That’s right, we’re just stopping at the Wellesley Woodlands lake and canal side map, and you can see on this map we’ve Duke’s Wood, Farnborough, Aldershot Town Centre, Army Rugby Union Stadium, and then Chalk Farm Lake. We’re going to follow that path around the lake. Is it the Willow Trail?
Suzie:
We’re on the Willow Trail, and this one just around the lake is the Sycamore Trail. If you notice, the Basingstoke canal connects all parts of Wellesley right up to here and beyond. How beautiful is that?
It’s a really beautiful canal. A lovely walk along there too. Great.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
I think the first thing I noticed walking into the forest here, you can see the leaves, can’t you, that have fallen. They’re now going brown. There’s some yellows and reds, but you look up at the trees, and all the leaves have more or less gone now.
Suzie:
There are a few lovely golden ones dangling there in the sunshine, but this leaf litter is really important, Suzie. Yes. Where all the little creatures all live and hibernate in this leaf litter.
It’s so important not to clear up all the leaves and to leave some places untidy. The old Victorians loved everything to be really neat and formal, but actually, that’s not good. That’s not good for our wildlife or nature.
So, leave a little bit of wildness. Help those detritivores.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
I love that word, detritivores. You can see lots of lakes. Yeah, there’s the lake on the left.
Lots of trees on the right, different species of trees there. Oh, the birds are here. They are.
What have we got today? Are they the geese or the mallards today?
Suzie:
There are some mallards in there, there are coots and moorhens. Yeah. We’ve got Egyptian geese that come in here too and swans and Brent geese, and look, there’s a little coot with their white heads.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yes, and what they do in this lake, which is absolutely amazing, is they follow you around, don’t they? They do, with hope. Hope that you’re going to throw them.
Oh, you can hear them. That’s Canada geese. You can hear the geese.
Oh, my goodness, I’ve got a really nice thing about geese in my book there. Let me just have a quick look in the book, and we can just read that bit out. So, this bit is from the Slow Down book.
I think, let me just find the page. Here we go. A flock of geese takes flight.
We can hear the Canada geese over there, can’t we? They will fly, and they’re coming towards us. The Canada goose is the largest goose in the world and also has the loudest honk honk, which we can hear today.
Watching this waterbird take flight with its flock is a spectacular sight of coordination and skill as each bird gallops along the runway of the water to take off into the air. We’re going to see that in a minute, aren’t we? Flying in a perfect V-formation, these birds migrate each year in search of food and warmer weather.
When airborne, they take turns at leading the way. The leader in front splits the air current, and when he tires, he moves to the back for another goose to take the lead. Let’s watch them take off and make their way south for the winter.
We may see them take off as we go round. We normally do, don’t we? Yep.
Oh, what are those two birds in front following us now?
Suzie:
Those two mallards. It’s a male and a female mallard. The male’s got beautiful iridescent green feathering around his head and neck, and the female, because she needs to be camouflaged on the nest, she’s a much more muted colored, much more browns and whites, and much more camouflage colors.
When she’s on the nest, she can’t be seen by predators so well. The male’s really flamboyant because he needs to show off.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
So, my aunt, you don’t know this story, went to Lake Windermere, and when she was at Lake Windermere, she found a duck egg and she took it home and incubated it, and out hatched Windy Quackers. So, she kept that duck, and it was in the house. It used to live in a little cage in the kitchen, and at five o’clock, it would come out of the cage, fly across the living room, and sit on the settee, and my cousin would give it the control panel, and it watched telly.
And then about six o’clock, and this is a true story, at six o’clock, it would jump off the chair, and my aunt Isabelle would go and run a bath, and it would go and get in the bath, and go in the bath, and when it had enough, it would then pull the plug out and come downstairs. How cool is that? Ready for bed.
There you go, I thought you’d like that story. I love that.
Suzie:
Animals are much more sentient than we’re made out to think they are.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Brilliant. So, I’m just going to put that book back in the bag, and we can all walk around the lake a bit more. You can hear the leaves rustling underneath, can’t you?
Oh yeah, nice big pile over here. Yeah. Oh, they’re nice.
Suzie:
They’re a bit soggy, but you know what, that’s great.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yes, great soggy leaves. There’s some holly over there, and we were making some wreaths last week, and I found some holly that was variegated with berries. It’s beautiful.
Suzie:
Yeah, it’s a female holly that has berries. Yes. The male doesn’t have berries.
It’s one of the few trees that’s a male and a female; they’re separate entities.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah, I’ll have to hunt out.
Suzie:
See those rings on the lake there? Oh yes. There are ducks under there having a dive.
Oh wow. Oh, is that actually a fish? There are fish in here, wonderful fish that the Garrison Angling Club—no, actually, it was a duck, just popped up, can you see?
There are diving ducks that go and dabble, there are two of them, yes, they were dabbling in the mud and the silt underneath, getting all the nutrients that they need to survive. It’s a lovely rich place for them, that’s why there are so many here.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah, so quiet apart from the airplane flying above it.
Suzie:
At least it was a little biplane, not a jet. So here on the right, we’ve got a beautiful open clearing surrounded by trees, lush green, green grass, and a couple of picnic tables and a bin obviously, so we don’t leave litter in a place like this. So, can we just poke our heads in here?
Yes, there’s a wooden sculpture here on the left. There’s a story with that; there used to be arches here, carved arches, oh wow, but the original team that ran Wellesley found that they rotted, so instead of wasting them, they turned them into totems, and they’re now beautiful, aren’t they? And they’re so tactile, they are really tactile, yeah, that one’s a squirrel.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Oh squirrels, hello, I’ve got a little bit in my book about squirrels, yes, oh yes, can I borrow the book, please, thank you. This comes from the Slow Down book, and we all need to slow down and get away from those busy lives every day and get back to nature. So, a squirrel buries an acorn in autumn and digs it up again in winter.
Autumn is here, and as leaves fall to the ground, the grey squirrels of this parkland are collecting acorns to store up for the long winter. The squirrel must pick the right acorn, not too big, not too small. It should be on the verge of ripening, so it’ll be fully ready to eat in the winter.
When the acorn could be detected by a strong scent, the squirrel must also find the perfect place to bury it, somewhere memorable and far enough away from other hungry squirrels. Three months later, when the park is covered in snow, this squirrel will be back to dig up her acorn for supper. Watch her bury it, look for it, and nibble her tasty meal.
Suzie:
Susie’s now walked to the other side of the clearing; she’s walking back, and I’m going to see if we can find some fungi or mushrooms on the way. Do you remember seeing any mushrooms in here recently, Suzie? Yes, we’ve seen quite a few; I couldn’t tell you all their names, but oh my gosh, they’re gorgeous.
Yes, I think you’ve got an identification chart somewhere, haven’t you?
Dr. Susie Nyman:
I have, and it’s an FSC one, so Field Studies Council one.
Suzie:
Oh brilliant, there we go, that’s brilliant. So, we’ll have a rummage for some fungi then. I think when I walked around Chalk Farm Lake with the conservation volunteers recently, we saw some at the bottom of the lake.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
We did, and even though it gets really cold and that knocks the fungi out, there’ll be little pockets like microclimates where they will survive, and our squirrels and our voles and moles and all the wonderful creatures that inhabit here will nibble them, and you’ll see some of them with nibbled off, nibbled off the rounds, so that could be a vole, it could be a little mouse, a field mouse, and you can generally tell by the nibbles.
The same with nuts, so you’re talking about squirrels just now, that lovely story. So, when you look at a nibbled nut on the ground, the way it’s nibbled can tell you who nibbled it, so it’s a bit like a detective quest if you like.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
I know when I was a child, people used to go in the forest and do paw prints of any animals that had been in there. You could use some sort of plaster of Paris stuff.
Suzie:
Yes, you can, yeah, it’s a wonderful thing to do.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Do you ever do that with a conservation volunteer?
Suzie:
We haven’t done any yet; I did some with Merrist Wood when I was learning. Oh, lovely little robin.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Oh yes.
Suzie:
You see his breast, or she, her breast is really bright at this time of year.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yes, I’m looking on the left for some fungi.
Suzie:
This is where we knew we had some. Here, let’s see if we’ve got any. This is where we had some fly agaric, which is a spectacularly red one with white dots.
It’s exceptionally poisonous, but it’s really stunning to see when you see it in the woodlands. But a lot of the fungi are quite small, you get little tiny sticks that come up. Oh, hang on, here’s one.
This is a rotting tree stump. Yep, really important habitat for many invertebrates.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
So, Susie’s just getting out her field studies guide to fungi, and then she’s going to see if we can actually find out what it is.
Suzie:
Identify this one. It’s got a lovely, what would you call that color? Brown, just simply brown.
It’s a lovely light brown.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah, sort of Hovis loaf brown color, isn’t it? Yep.
Suzie:
It’s not on this one, but it does give you loads of ideas of where to start looking if you took a picture you could go home and have a look on the Internet, couldn’t you? There we go. So that’s a good thing about having a mobile phone.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
There we go.
Suzie:
You can’t ID it there and then; you can ID it later when you’ve got more information around you. But generally, with fungi, you don’t touch them.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
No.
Suzie:
Because even touching them can be poisonous, and if you’re thinking of foraging, only ever take it if you actually know exactly what it is.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Or if you’re with an expert on a fungal foray.
Suzie:
But an expert would also tell you not to take everything, to leave plenty because this is actually the fruiting body of the fungi. The fungi itself is deep, deep within that rotting wood. Yes.
And this is actually its flower, if you like, and the spores that come out from underneath, and you look underneath there are gills. Yes. And the spores are what are really important because they spread like seeds, and we need that to spread within the woodlands.
That’s the interconnective conduit between all of the plants around us is the fungi. It’s deep in the soil, it’s deep in all of this rotting wood as you called it. The rotting wood itself is a myriad of life forms.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
That’s right, and Susie is really into mycorrhizae. Is that the word? Mycorrhizae or mitochondria.
Yes. And the trees live in symbiosis. They do.
With the fungi. And that’s what connects them to everything around them. Yeah.
So, I’m just going to read this bit from the Slow Down book about mushrooms and then I’ll read the bit about the fungi in the forest and how they link with the trees. So mushrooms grow in a forest. You may be surprised to know that 90% of the plants in the forest depend on a little group of mushrooms.
A mushroom’s complex system of roots called a mycelium stretches out underground, searching for water and food. Unlike plants, mushrooms don’t get their food from the sun. Instead, they make it their home in the dark, moist environment.
Much like this woodland, watch a wood bluit bloom as the autumn months approach. So now those mushrooms or fungi link with the trees in the forest, and I think that’s in a very big book that I’ve got here with me. This book is called Knowledge Encyclopedia.
It’s a Dorling Kindersley book. Beautiful images about plants and fungi, and I found this bit before we came to the forest today. Plant partners.
Most plants will be unable to absorb the water and the nutrients they need from the soil without the help of fungi that live on and inside the roots. Around 85% of plant species form close partnerships with soil fungi. These partnerships are called mycorrhizas, from the Greek word myx meaning fungus and rhiza meaning root.
The two partners help each other. The plant gets water and mineral nutrients from the soil more easily, and the fungus gets sugars made by the plant through photosynthesis. Now we’re going to just talk two seconds about tree mycorrhizas.
Nearly all trees have mycorrhizas of one type or another. One of the main types is called ectomycorrhiza. Ecto means outside.
The fungus in an ectomycorrhiza covers the tree’s tiny root tips in layers of hyphae like socks. Hyphae also spread out into the soil beyond the roots, extending their reach, and some hyphae grow into the roots but not into the plant cells. And this is an amazing communication system in the forest, and this is where Susie just loves this topic, don’t you?
I absolutely do.
Suzie:
It’s the connective force in all of nature. Okay, we’re going to wander around the lake. Susie, I’ve got to tell you, while you’ve been reading that lovely excerpt from those books, there’s a young swan over there, a cygnet, and he’s been bottomed up like that.
Oh my goodness. He’s having a good rummage in the silt underneath the water there, and he’s got a lovely white underside which reflects the beautiful sunshine we’ve got this morning. He’s having a good feast.
Look at that. Look, he’s well down again. Bottoms up.
Bottoms up. That’s the one. Yeah, and the birds follow us around.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
They do.
Suzie:
They do.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
It’s really amazing.
Suzie:
We’re doing really well here. We’re retraining people. I mean, you and I know from our childhood we would take bread down to the ducks.
Unfortunately, modern science has revealed that feeding bread to the ducks bloats them and makes them not forage for the nutrients they really need, and it can actually damage their crop. So seeing these birds in the water upside down foraging in silt, that’s how they should be doing. It’s nature for you.
It is. I mean, if you want to feed something to these beautiful creatures, peas, frozen peas, or some legumes, or anything like that as opposed to bread. So we have a rule on our walks, we say please don’t bring bread.
If you have to bring bread, seeded, wholemeal, proper stuff. Brilliant. That’s really useful, isn’t it?
We want these beautiful creatures to survive and thrive, especially here in this beautiful place.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah, it’s so relaxing, isn’t it?
Suzie:
Look at the sun across the water over there. Absolutely gorgeous.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Sometimes when you have the sun across the water, it looks like diamonds in there in the sun. It does. The little balls of water.
Suzie:
Absolutely. And the ducks and the geese coming across it with that lovely V-shape in the water behind them. There’s something about watching the ripples.
Makes my heart happy.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
That’s good. There we are. Oh, thank you.
Suzie’s just taken the bag off me, my bag of books. There we go.
Suzie:
We’re going a bit further round to the lake. At this time of year, we can also see how the ivy works as well. Yes.
Which you can kind of use as a story about how mycorrhizal mitochondria works underground unseen. The ivy climbs up the trees and in a way forms a blanket. It does sap some of the life out of the tree, but it also gives back a little bit as well because it stays evergreen.
Yes. And therefore creates energy. So it’s giving a little bit back to the tree as well, but not taking everything.
But I don’t know, it gives a lovely green cover, doesn’t it? Like a warm, snuggly blanket. Yes.
So there’s moss down here. Look at that. Oh, moss.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
We love moss, don’t we? Oh, we absolutely love moss. We were harvesting moss in seal in the forest to use for Christmas wreaths.
You can get the rings from Hobbycraft or, you know, that amazon.com thing.
Suzie:
Do you know what? Wellesley Woodland, we make them out of willow. Do you?
Yeah, we teach people how to make them.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
It’s so simple. Brilliant. Yeah.
Our willow is absolutely fantastic because it’s natural. It’s all natural materials, isn’t it? Yeah.
All naturally harvested. Wow. I love moss.
I love just sort of stroking. It’s like a carpet, isn’t it?
Suzie:
It is so soft. But don’t be fooled if you try and sit on it because it does look like a really welcoming cushion. You’re going to get a soggy bottom if you try and sit on that.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Just like those pineapple cakes. Be careful with a soggy bottom, don’t you? I’m just returning to my wonderful Slow Down book because I do feel that we are slowing down today, Susie, instead of rushing around like raving nutters that we normally do rush around.
Moss also creates a home or habitat for slugs, wood lice, and insects in the forest. Unlike traditional plants that grow on their own stems, moss grows in clusters and groups, taking in water through its surface, growing up trees or sprawling across the forest floor. Magnificent green moss is also overlooked.
Let’s watch it work its magic in a woodland forest. That’s amazing. It’s just amazing.
When I was walking through the forest in Oxfordshire, I found this moss in the shape of a heart. And I took a photo of it. And when we got good results at college, I sent the message to my principal and said, we’ve got really good results.
That’s because of my dream team. And then I put the picture of the moss on the email. Oh, yeah.
And we had like a group WhatsApp messaging group, and that had the heart on there because moss is a community, isn’t it?
Suzie:
It is a community. We’re all part of a community. And without each other, we can’t survive.
A bit like mycorrhizal mitochondria. So we were talking just now, it works in conjunction with moss. So that will be around its roots, helping it to keep that moisture in and the nutrients in.
And between that and the insects. Wow. Wow.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Just stumbled across a rather interesting specimen. Very nice piece of fungi there. Mustardy color, aren’t they?
Yes. Have you got one? We’ll have to have a look and find out.
Suzie:
Kind of looks a bit similar to this one up here. Yes. It looks a bit similar to that one, which is a sulfur tusk.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah, it definitely looks a little sulfurous.
Suzie:
It does. Yes. The bright yellow.
Yes. You know, it doesn’t look like a leaf. If you were just wandering by in a busy, busy, busy head world, you’d have ignored it.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah.
Suzie:
But I wanted to just right next to it as well. The remains of a plant here. Yes.
This is a helleborene. So it’s in the orchid family. Oh, wow.
We do know we’ve got them here. Yeah. There’s just the green stem and leaves, whole partly eaten leaves.
That’s great because people are eating them. We’ve got some beautiful helleborenes, and they’ll be back up again and they’ll be flowering again from midsummer, right the way through till the first frosts.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
These two fungi close to our feet here.
Suzie:
Yep.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
They’ve been munched. They have been munched. Yes.
Suzie:
So they’re feeding our beautiful creatures here. Yes. When you get your eye in, you can actually see, look.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah.
Suzie:
There’s lots of little, little fungi heads popping up. There are. You know about fungi, don’t you?
He’s the bloke to take to a party. He is. The fungi.
Yeah.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
That’s right. Sorry.
Suzie:
Had to do it. You do. You have to let them out, Susie.
The old ones are the best. Oh, what’s that one? That looks remarkably like the remains of a fly agaric.
Yes. It’s, um, or maybe not. It could be plums and custard.
Yes. So there’s a fungi called plums and custard that lives in woodland like this.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Funny name. Nice bit of Latin. But plums and custard.
Yes. Plums and custard. You can tell the color.
Yes, it is.
Suzie:
The fly agaric will fade off into a similar sort of color. Yes. But again, probably poisonous.
If you’re not sure, don’t touch them. And down here, still flowering, water mint. Oh, lovely.
Does it smell of mint? It does. In the summer, spring, and summer, it has this wonderful aroma.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Oh, wow.
Suzie:
Really beautiful minty smell, isn’t it? Yes. You know that chewing gum?
Yes. The nice one. Not the one that makes you go, oh, but the one that makes you go, oh.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Yeah. Spearmint chewing gum. Spearmint smell.
Wow. I have to tell chef to put it in his cooking. It is edible.
When the rest of the mint dies off. Oh, bracket fungi. Look at this one.
Oh, I like a nice bit of bracket fungi.
Suzie:
A lot of them are called artist pads because if you take a little stick, I’m not going to do it, these are tiny. Yes. You find the big ones on the trunks.
You can actually doodle a design gently with a stick underneath. Don’t use your finger because you don’t know. So use a little stick.
It doesn’t harm the fungi, but it’s so much fun. And you can tell where people have been and who’s been there. Put your initials or a little heart or a star.
We’ve got a little friend that’s followed us around. Yeah, she’s having a good look at us.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Is that a coot? It’s a coot. I had a quick check out the scene, and Nanny’s decided to go, but they follow us around.
They’ll still be next to us as we get all the way round.
Suzie:
The Canada geese are still hopeful. They’re about 10 meters away behind us.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
You can hear the leaves as we walk through this little thing.
Suzie:
Look at the green on this one. This is an eastern hemlock, which is a bit different from all the other ones that we’ve passed so far. Western hemlocks which aren’t native.
This is an eastern one, but they look very, very, very similar, don’t they? I just remember keying this one out.
Dr. Susie Nyman:
Thank you for listening to this episode of Dr. Susie Nyman’s Multisensory Walks. I hope you found today’s discussion insightful and inspiring. Remember, every walk is an opportunity to learn and grow. If you enjoyed this episode, please hit the subscribe button, share it with fellow parents and teachers, and leave us a review on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your podcasts.
We’d love to hear your thoughts and experiences. Reach out to us on social media or email us at [email protected]. Stay curious, stay proactive, and let’s continue to create fun, multisensory learning adventures together. Until next time, happy walking!
This episode of Dr. Susie’s Multisensory Walks was produced and recorded by Oaka Books. I’m your host, Dr. Susie Nyman—thank you for listening, and have a lovely day.
